Current Management of Type 1 Diabetes in Children: Guideline-based Expert Opinions and Recommendations
Şükrü Hatun1, Tuğba Gökçe1, Ecem Can1, Elif Eviz2, Kağan Ege Karakuş2, Carmel Smart3, Ragnar Hanas4, Gül Yeşiltepe Mutlu11Koç University Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, İstanbul, Turkey2Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, İstanbul, Turkey
3John Hunter Children’s Hospital, Clinic of Endocrinology, Newcastle, Australia
4NU Hospital Group, Uddevalla Hospital, Uddevalla, and Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Department of Pediatrics, Gothenburg, Sweden
Successful management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) requires not only optimal glycemic outcomes, but also a holistic approach that encompasses all aspects of life and recommendations to address needs. Current goals include optimal glycemic values, quality of life and life expectancy similar to peers, prevention of long-term complications, prevention of severe hypoglycemia as far as possible and facilitation of glucose management. The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) has been updating its guidelines for diabetes care every four years since 1995, covering more and more topics. For optimal metabolic outcomes, diabetes teams need to follow these current recommendations, adapt them to their clinical practice and provide guidance to people with T1D and their families. In this review, in the light of ISPAD 2018-2022 guidelines and clinical experiences, “10 Key Recommendations”, emphasizing the importance of teamwork and the use of technology, current T1D treatment is described for practical applications.
Keywords: Carbohydrate counting, diabetes camp, glucose target, HbA1c, insulin carbohydrate ratio, insulin sensitivity, glycemic outcomeManuscript Language: English
