The Relationship Between Sleep Quality, Sleep Duration, Social Jet Lag and Obesity in Adolescents

INTRODUCTION: The frequency of obesity and poor sleep quality among adolescents is increasing and causes many chronic problems. The objective was to investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI), sleep quality, sleep duration and social jet lag (SJL) among adolescents.
METHODS: This study is cross-sectional. A cohort of 416 adolescents, ranging in age from 12 to 18 participated in the study. Adolescents were divided into three groups according to BMI SDS: adolescents with normal weight, adolescents with overweight and adolescents with obesity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used to determine the sleep quality of the adolescents. The calculation of SJL and sleep-corrected social jet lag (SJLsc) was performed.
RESULTS: The mean age of the adolescents was 15.0 ± 2.9 years.There were 222 males (53.4%). SJL and PSQI scores were significantly higher in the adolescents with obesity compared to the adolescents with normal weight and overweight (p < 0.001). An analysis of the relationship between the PSQI and BMI SDS revealed a correlation that was statistically significant (r = 0.667; p < 0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Adolescents with obesity reveal poorer sleep quality and a longer duration of SJL compared to adolescents with normal-weight. Moreover, increased SJL was linked to an increase in BMI. Maintaining good sleep quality and less exposure to SJL may help reduce the risk of obesity.