ISSN: 1308-5727 | E-ISSN: 1308-5735
Volume : 9 Issue : 4 Year : 2024
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Turkish Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes
Is There an Association Between Cortisol and Hypertension in Overweight or Obese Children? [J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol]
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017; 9(4): 344-349 | DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.4802

Is There an Association Between Cortisol and Hypertension in Overweight or Obese Children?

Aleid JG Wirix1, Martijn JJ Finken2, Ines A von Rosenstiel-Jadoul3, Annemieke C Heijboer4, Jeroen Nauta5, Jaap W Groothoff6, Mai JM Chinapaw1, Joana E Kist-van Holthe1
1VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2VU University Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
3MC Slotervaart Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
4VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
5Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Nephrology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
6Emma Children’s Hospital/Academic Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Objective: The precise mechanisms behind the development of hypertension in overweight or obese children are not yet completely understood. Alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity may play a role. We aimed to investigate the association between cortisol parameters and hypertension in overweight or obese children.
Methods: Random urine (n=180) and early-morning saliva samples (n=126) for assessment of cortisol and cortisone were collected from 1) hypertensive overweight children (n=50), 2) normotensive overweight children (n=145), and 3) normotensive non-overweight children (n=75).
Results: The age of participants was 10.4±3.3 years and 53% were boys. The urinary cortisol-to-cortisone ratio [ß 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.19] as well as urinary cortisol/creatinine (ß 1.38, 95% CI 1.09-1.54), and cortisone/creatinine ratios (ß 1.26, 95% CI 1.17-1.36) were significantly higher in overweight or obese than in non-overweight children. After adjusting for body mass index-standard deviation score and urinary cortisone/creatinine ratio, but not cortisol/creatinine ratio, was significantly associated with presence of hypertension (ß 1.12, 95% CI 1.02-1.23). Salivary cortisol and cortisone levels were significantly lower in overweight or obese than in non-overweight children (ß -4.67, 95% CI -8.19- -1.15, and ß 0.89, 95% CI 0.80-0.97 respectively). There were no significant differences in cortisol parameters between hypertensive and normotensive overweight or obese children.
Conclusion: This study provided further evidence for an increased cortisol production rate with decreased renal 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 activity and flattening of early-morning peak cortisol and cortisone in overweight or obese children. However, there were no significant differences in cortisol parameters between hypertensive and normotensive overweight and obese children.

Keywords: Hypertension,obesity,children,cortisol,pathophysiology

Aleid JG Wirix, Martijn JJ Finken, Ines A von Rosenstiel-Jadoul, Annemieke C Heijboer, Jeroen Nauta, Jaap W Groothoff, Mai JM Chinapaw, Joana E Kist-van Holthe. Is There an Association Between Cortisol and Hypertension in Overweight or Obese Children?. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017; 9(4): 344-349
Manuscript Language: English
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